海洋资料浮标观测技术应用现状及发展趋势

摘要： 海洋资料浮标是一个涉及电子、通信、控制等多个领域的复杂系统,可以在各种复杂的海洋环境中提供长期、连续、实时、可靠的海洋观测数据,是海洋观测技术中最可靠、最有效、最重要的手段之一。本文简述海洋资料浮标的系统结构及其关键技术,分析了我国海洋资料浮标技术的技术水平及其与国际先进水平的差距;重点总结了近年来国内外海洋资料浮标技术发展与应用现状,对比分析了我国典型代表浮标与国外同类浮标的系统参数及观测参数,在此基础上,结合我国当前面临的形势及迫切需求,展望了海洋资料浮标技术的发展趋势。
Ocean data buoy is one of the most reliable, most valid and most important ocean observation techniques, which involves many fields such as electronics, communications, control and so on. Ocean data buoy can provide long-term, continuous, real-time, reliable observation data under complicated ocean environment. The system structures and key techniques of ocean data buoy are briefly described. Technical gap between China and developed countries and domestic technical level of ocean data buoy technique are also analyzed in detail. The current development and application status of ocean data buoy techniques are reviewed. System and observation parameters of typical data buoys manufactured by China and developed countries are contrastively analyzed. Finally, the future directions are presented based on previous analysis and China's current situation and the urgent demand.