山药活性成分提取技术及药理功能的研究进展

摘要： 山药富含多糖、皂甙、尿囊素等生物活性成分,具有抗氧化、抗衰老、抗突变、抑肿瘤、免疫调节等功效,对脾虚久泻、肺虚咳喘、糖尿病、心脑血管疾病等具有独特的疗效。文章通过查阅国内外文献资料,归纳整理了山药活性成分的研究现状,着重对山药多糖、尿囊素、皂甙、色素、脱氢表雄酮的提取技术及药理功能研究进展进行综述,并针对当前山药活性成分及其药理功能研究还不够深入、产品开发严重滞后于理论研究的问题,提出今后应深入开展山药各单体组分的提取及其活性研究,利用山药药用功能的特性研发可替代部分人工合成物质(药品辅料、包衣等),根据不同人群的消费特点研发相应保健产品。
Chinese yam, rich in active constituents such as polysaccharide, saponin and allantoin, has functions of antioxidation, anti-aging, antimutation, anti-tumor and immunoregulation. It is beneficial for treating deficient spleen, weak lung, diabetes, cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. By consulting literatures, the recent researches on active constituents in Chinese yam were summarized with a focus on the research progresses of extractive techniques and pharmacological functions of active constituents including polysaccharide, allantoin, saponin, pigment and dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA). To deal with problems of insufficient research on products , active constituents and pharmacological functions of Chinese yam, it is proposed to intensify relevant study, replace artificial materials (pharmaceutical excipients and coating) with components of Chinese yam, and develop multiple health products to satisfy different people.