MedicinalpropertiesofPeganumharmalaL.intraditionalIranianmedicineandmodernphytotherapy:areview

摘要： OBJECTIVE:ToreviewthepharmacologicalactivitiesofPeganumharmalaL.(P.harmala,Nitrariaceae)intraditionalIranianmedicine(TIM)andmodernphytotherapy.METHODS:OpinionsofTIMandmodernphytotherapyaboutsafetyandacceptabledosageofthisplantarediscussed.VariousmedicalpropertiesofP.harmalawerecollectedfromimportantTIMreferencesandaddedtoscientificreportsderivedfrommodernmedicaldatabaseslikePubMed,Scirus,ScienceDirectandScopus.RESULTS:Themainmedicinalpartoftheplantistheseed.InTIMresources,thisplantpossessesvariousPharmacologicalactivitiessuchascarminative,galactagogue,diuretic,emmenagogue,antithrom-boticandanalgesic.Inmodernphytotherapy,P.harmalademonstratednumerousmedicinaleffectsincludingcardiovascular,neurologic,antimicrobial,insecticidal,antineoplasmic,antiproliferative,gastrointestinalandantidiabeticeffects.Adverseeventssuchasneuro-sensorialsymptoms,visualhallucination,bradycardia,hypotension,agitation,tremors,ataxia,abortionandvomitingcausepeopletousethisplantcautiously.P.harmalaiscontraindicatedduringpregnancy,duetoitsabortiveandmutagenicactivities.BecauseofincreasingtheexpressionofCYP1A2,2C19,and3A4andinhibitionofmonoamineoxidase,thepharmacokineticparametersofdrugswhicharemainlymetabolizedbytheseenzymesmaybeaffectedbyP.harmala.CONCLUSION:ThemedicinalpropertiesdeclaredforthisplantinTIMarecomparedwiththoseshowedinmodernphytotherapy.SomeoftheTIMpropertieswereconfirmedinmodernphytotherapylikeemeticandanalgesicactivitiesandsomehavenotbeenevaluatedinmodernphytotherapysuchasitstherapeuticeffectsonparalysis,epilepsyandnumbness.Finally,thecurrentreviewprovidestheevidenceforotherresearcherstouseTIMpropertiesofP.harmalaasanefficaciousnaturaldrug.Furtherpreclinicalandclinicalstudiesforadequateevaluatingsafetyandtherapeuticefficacyarerecommended. ... （共6页）