Protoplast fusion is an effective method for direct intergeneric genetransfer into plant protoplasts as well as for creating new sources of cytoplasmic variability,transfer and recombining organelle genomes,and provides a suitable technique for studying c...[继续阅读]

    The ventilation or air dilution of cigarette smoke results in an overallreduction in smoke delivery. Both particulate delivery and vapor-or gasphase deliveries are reduced,generally in direct proportion to the level ofventilation. Diluting air can be intr...[继续阅读]

    By Gio Batta GoriThe Health Policy Center,Bethesda,Maryland,USAAbstractThe grounds for official policy claims that environmental tobaccosmoke is a major health risk remain speculative. In scientific terms,available reports suggest either a slight increase...[继续阅读]

    The engineering of insect resistance was first demonstrated in tobaccoby the expression of insecticidal crystal proteins (ICPs) derived from B.thuringiensis (Bt),a Gram-positive,spore-forming soil bacterium.The lepidopteran-specific CrylA (b) crystal prot...[继续阅读]

    Donald F. DurocherAbstractOver the past fifty years,sweeping technological changes have resulted in inexpensive tobacco products manufactured to exacting tolerancesusing state - of - the - art technologies. The TCRC has played a key rolein reporting and d...[继续阅读]

    In addition to its physical function of containing the combustibles,the cigarette paper plays a controlling role in the combustion process.Most papers are based on flax or linen fiber and contain 20%-30% ofcalcium carbonate. This white pigment serves to c...[继续阅读]

    Currently,there are significant pressures in the cigarette markets ofthe world which are providing the right commercial incentives for tobaccomanufacturers to be seriously reassessing the role of speciality filters intheir search for an acceptable low tar...[继续阅读]

    AdhesiveThe preferred adhesive for cigarette seams is a starch-based materialbecause it is a natural substance that does not cause an off-taste in thesmoke. Increased speeds in cigarette-making are requiring the development of faster setting hot-melt adhe...[继续阅读]

    From seed to smoke the culture,manufacture and use of tobacco involves a continuous chain of events. Each step in those events representsa single link of the long chain,and each link is of equal significance.Weakening of any single link produces a product...[继续阅读]

    The range of nitrate nitrogen content in various types of leaf tobaccois shown in Table 21.1. The nitrate nitrogen content is significantly correlated to the amount of fertilizer nitrogen added to the field and to thepercentage of total nitrogen in the le...[继续阅读]