又称舌下神经襻,为一纤细的神 经环,有时可呈丛状,位于颈总动脉和颈内静脉的前外方。来自第1颈神经的纤维先加入舌下神经,再离开之并构成颈襻上根 (或舌下神经降支);来自第2、3颈神经的纤 维组成颈襻下根(或颈神经降支)。两根...[继续阅读]

    A selflimited condition char acterized by extreme disturbances ofarousal,attention,orientation,perception,intellcetual function,and affect,of ten accompanied by fear and agitation.Clinically,disorientation,sometimes total(including absence of selfrecognit...[继续阅读]

    a branch ofbrachial plexus,arises from the fourth and fifth cervical nerves roots It pierces thescalenus medius,and then runs dorsally as well as caudalward accompanied by the accessory nerve to the anterior border of the levator scapulae and the deep sur...[继续阅读]

    is the term that refers tothat at rest,patients feel seriously unwell in deep part of two legs and that the symptom may be alleviated temporally af ter massage or movement. It may be re lated to local ischemia and anoxia caused by accumulation of some met...[继续阅读]

    在大脑半球内侧面,包括扣带 回、海马旁回、海马、齿状回等结构,围 绕脑干上端和胼胝体周围,呈环状。...[继续阅读]

    又称杭廷顿舞蹈 病。是一种遗传性运动病,为常染色体 显性遗传。病理变化为大脑和基底节广泛的 变性,尾状核尤为严重,伴有脑萎缩与侧脑室 扩大。男女发病率均等。15～65岁之间都可发 病,但多见于35～40岁之间。主要临床表现 为...[继续阅读]

    头部外伤后,由于硬脑膜、颅 内血管、板障静脉或硬脑膜静脉窦破 损,使血液进入颅腔称为颅内血肿。一般当血 量达到或超过20～30ml时,可出现颅内压增 高、脑水肿、脑循环障碍,最后出现头部损伤 最严重的并发症之一——脑疝。根...[继续阅读]

    is a thin of gray matter lying between the ex ternal medullary lamina and the internal capsule. Its anterior end extends to the lateral aspect of the anterior nuclei of the thalamus and its ventral part extends to the zona incerta. It is composed chiefly ...[继续阅读]

    This special tests may be carried out to test coordination of the upper extremities. The fingertonose test may be carried out with the patient in thelying,seated,or upright position. The pa tient is asked to abduct and extend completely the arm,and then t...[继续阅读]

    系指生后无需学习和训练 即有的先天性反射,主要决定于神经 系的结构。该类反射对机体适应环境,维持个 体生存和种系延续具有重要意义。...[继续阅读]